The working principle of UPS power supply mainly includes four key links: rectification, energy storage, conversion, and switch control.

Rectification

When the mains power is normal, AC power is first converted into DC power through rectifiers such as thyristors or high-frequency switch rectifiers. The rectifier has the function of controlling the output voltage according to external power changes, ensuring that the output voltage remains stable during power fluctuations. This stage is the foundation of UPS power supply operation, providing stable DC power for subsequent energy storage and conversion.

2. Energy storage

The rectified DC power is stored in the battery. A battery is equivalent to a large capacity capacitor, which can filter out instantaneous pulse interference that cannot be eliminated by rectifiers and provide clean DC power. The battery is one of the core components of UPS power supply, and its performance directly affects the power supply time and stability of UPS power supply.

3. Transformation

Under normal mains conditions, direct current is divided into two paths for processing. Enter the charger all the way to charge the battery, ensuring that the battery is always fully charged; The other route supplies inverters. The inverter converts DC power into AC power and outputs stable 220V, 50Hz AC power to supply the load. Inverter is a key component in UPS power supply, and its performance directly affects the quality and stability of output power.

4. Switch control

When the mains power is abnormal or disconnected, the static switch quickly switches to battery power supply mode to ensure stable voltage at the load end. Before the battery is depleted, UPS will issue an alarm to prompt the user to replace or charge it in a timely manner. This stage is the key to achieving uninterrupted power supply for UPS power supply.